In a lift, safety of passenger is given utmost important – the most vital part of apartment elevators maintenance. There are multiple safety features provided in a certified elevator.
- 1. Over Speed Governor
- 2. Elevator Cabin
- 3. Safety Block
- 4. Safety Lever
- 5. Guide Rails
- 6. Governor Rope
- 7. Tension Pulley
Over Speed Governor
In order to protect the elevator from exceeding rated speed, an over speed device called over speed governor is compulsory for all elevators. In case of elevators traveling in 40% excess of designed speed, this will come in to action and stop the elevator. This devise is designed to work for elevator cars traveling in down direction. In case of over-speed this activates the safety block of elevator car thus jamming the car with rails. It is this safety block that can hold the elevator car in its place even in very rare and extreme case of breaking of main ropes.
Door Sensors
Door Sensors is an elevator device that detects a passenger or an object on the doorway which prevents the doors from closing (usually installed for accessibility). If a person or an object blocks the doorway and the sensors detects the person or object, the door will reopen then stays open and will not closed until the person moves away or the object is removed from the doorway
Door & Door Lock
The shaft in which the elevator moves is a void. Passengers standing on any floor is protected from this void with the landing door. The landing door is provided with mechanical as well as electrical safety.
Overload Sensor
Every elevator is provided with sensors to monitor passenger load inside the elevator, in case the load is more than the rating capacity, the elevator will give alarm and will not take any command
Automatic Rescue Device
This is a battery operated device that help apartment elevators to come to the nearest floor and stop during power failure. This helps in rescuing passengers if necessary.
Emergency Alarm
Every elevator is provided with a battery operated emergency alarm so that if someone is trapped inside the elevator, he/she can press the button inside elevator and attract attention
Buffer Springs
Springs are provided below the car. This acts as a counter weight so that in rare case of car over traveling in either direction some mechanical energy gets absorbed reducing the impact to passengers inside the lift.
Intercom
Battery operated intercom is provided so that the person inside the elevator can connect to lobby if he/she needs help.
Over Travel Protection
Electronic as well as more than one mechanical limit switch are provided on terminal landing i.e. bottom most floor and top most floor to ensure that the elevator do not over travel and hit the ceiling in up direction or pit in down direction. At top and bottom floor three mechanical switches are installed to ensure the safety of elevator.
- First switch is top / down slow down limit which reduces the speed of elevator when elevator comes on the terminal floors (i.e either Top most floor or bottom most floor).
- Second switch is top / down directional limit which ensures that elevator does not over travel from top / bottom most floor level.
- Third switch is Top / Bottom Final limit which cuts the main power supply of elevator motor so that elevator does not hit hard to the ceiling or in the pit.